GENETICS NOTES 1 5.21.2013
- Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics.
- He experimented of peas and cross breeding them.
- The traits were blended.
- The seven traits are seed shape, seed color, pod shape, pod color, plant height, flower color, and flower position.
- Monohybrid cross: Cross-pollination of contrasting traits.
- Tall + short = Tall. Tall is the dominant allele.
- Law of Segregation: Every organism donates one part of its inheritance down.
- Some units are dominant over others.
- Recessive traits are the ones who disappear.
- Hereditary units are called genes.
- The location of a gene on a chromosome is called the locus.
- Each form of a gene is called an allele.
- Dominant: D
- Recessive: d
- If the alleles are identical for a trait, the term homozygous is used.
- If the alleles are different, the term heterozygous is used.
- The physical characteristics are phenotypes.
- The genes are called genotypes.
- Reginald C. Punnett introduced punnett squares.
- A punnett square is a grid system for predicting the possible genotypes from a genetic cross.
Discussion Question
1. He cut off the male sex organs and pollinated the female sex organs.
2. Each organism donates 1 part of the inheritance.
3. It showed the possible outcomes of the ratio in phenotypes.
4. genes re either dominant or recessive and they are described using alleles, and are located in the locus, which is in the homologous chromosomes.
5. There is a 0% chance.
2. Each organism donates 1 part of the inheritance.
3. It showed the possible outcomes of the ratio in phenotypes.
4. genes re either dominant or recessive and they are described using alleles, and are located in the locus, which is in the homologous chromosomes.
5. There is a 0% chance.