PERIODIC TABLE NOTES 3.28
- Periodic Table - chart of elements organized to show similar physical or chemical properties of elements.
- Energy levels - Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in different levels.
- Level 1 = 2 max. electrons
- Level 2 = 8 max. electrons
- Level 3 = 8 max. electrons (with exception)
- Valence Electrons - # of electrons in the last energy level of an atom.
BOHR ATOMIC MODEL
- Bohr Atomic Models show energy levels and valence electrons.
ORGANIZED INTO
7 ROWS
18 COLUMNS
PROPERTIES OF METALS
PROPERTIES OF METALLOIDS
PERIODIC TABLE GROUPS
7 ROWS
- Called PERIODS
- Each period represents the number of occupied energy levels in each element in the row.
18 COLUMNS
- Called GROUPS or FAMILIES
- Share similar chemical and physical properties.
- Have the same amount of valence electrons
- Anything to the left of the staircase are all metals which have similar physical and chemical properties.
- Metalloids is a mix between non metals and metals
PROPERTIES OF METALS
- Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
- Metals are shiny
- Metals are ductile (Can be stretched into thin wires)
- Metals are malleable (can be pounded into thin sheets)
- A chemical property of metal is its reaction with water which results in corrosion
- Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
- Non-metals are not ductile or malleable
- Solid non-metals ate brittle and break easily.
- They are dull
- Many non-metals are gases
PROPERTIES OF METALLOIDS
- Metalloids (metal-like) have properties of both metals and non-metals.
- They are solids that can be shiny or dull
- They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as well.
- THey are ductile and malleable
PERIODIC TABLE GROUPS
GROUP 1
Alkali Metals Will lose only one electron in outer shell to become stable. Most reactive "metals" |
GROUP 2
Alkali Earth Metals Will lose two electrons in outer shell to become stable |
GROUP 17
Halogens Will gain one electron to become stable Most reactive "non-metals" |
GROUP 18
Noble gases Most stable elements Outer shell full All found in |